Foreword
Technologies that are discussed in this publication are known as
Disruptive Technologies or Advanced Technologies have great potential to assist
government agencies in better fulfilling their missions. These technologies can
help Customs and other regulatory agencies to capture huge amounts of data that
can be used to support the administration of regulations.
In this book, that is outcome of a desk research mainly from the
sources of WTO and WCO,
Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain technology are discussed and the
use cases gathered with a hope to introduce the benefits of them to policy
makers and practitioners in the field of international trade, Customs controls,
and trade finance or cross border payments.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a field of computer science
dedicated to solving cognitive problems commonly associated with human
intelligence, such as learning, problem solving, and pattern recognition.
Artificial Intelligence may connote robotics.
Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) are both computer
science fields derived from the discipline of AI.
AI becomes “smarter” and learns faster with more data, and every
day businesses are generating data that is like fuel for running machine
learning and deep learning solutions, whether collected and extracted from a
data warehouse.
Blockchain is a kind of database management system that has more
features than a normal database. Blockchains decentralize control without
damaging trust in the existing data; that is not possible in other database
systems.
Parties involved in a transaction cannot share their entire
database. But in blockchain networks, each party has its copy of the ledger,
and the system automatically maintains consistency between the two ledgers. In
most database systems a participant can alter or remove data, in blockchain one
can only add data.
Blockchain technology is an advanced database system that allows
transparent information to be shared inside a business network. A blockchain
database stores data in blocks that are linked together like a chain.
We can use blockchain technology to create an immutable ledger
for tracking orders, payments, accounts, and other transactions. The system has
built-in mechanisms that prevent unauthorized transaction entries and create
consistency in the shared view of these transactions.
It is obvious each technology has opportunities and challenges.
So, the more we know about the effects, the best we can utilize them in the
supply chain.
Abdolaziz Yousefi (Master of International
Economics)
Mojdeh Jalil Mojdehi (Master of International Commerce)
Mohammad Payandeh (Master of Software Engineering)
Aref Bavi (Master of Business
Administration)
